In the last 500 years scientific discoveries have been resisted by people who wanted to keep a religious explanation. Sometimes, the scientific version turns out to be the correct one.
Think about lightning and tall buildings. Most primitive societies assumed that lightning came from the gods, and if the lightning hit a person or a building, it was because the gods were angry with those involved. This was a bit of a puzzle to the Christians, because their churches, with a tall steeple and an iron cross on top, seemed to be prime target. Why would their God attack the place where he was worshipped? One suggestion was that perhaps He didn't notice that it was a church he was zapping, so when a thunderstorm loomed, they rang the church bells to alert Him. Unfortunately the combination of rain-soaked bell ropes and lightning resulted in quite a few electrocuted bell-ringers.
Eventually scientists like Benjamin Franklin pointed out that lightning was just electricity, and you could guard against it by running a strip of metal all the way from the top of the steeple to the ground. It took a while to convince everyone ("We can't interfere with God's will") but the evidence for the benefits of installing lightning conductors was pretty obvious. But even today, not everyone is a believer. The Amish refuse to install them, which is one reason they are so practiced at rebuilding barns that burn down.
Earth the center of the Universe Second famous example is of course Galileo and his telescope. He saw mountains on the Moon, which contradicted the current religious idea that Earth's mountains were a result of Noah's Flood, and the celestial spheres were all perfect and smooth. More importantly, he saw moons orbiting Jupiter, which contradicted the idea that God had created the Earth as the center of everything, and everything revolved around the earth - the Sun, the Moon, and all the planets. After all it was common sense - you could look up at the sky and see that happening.
Again, it took a while to overcome the religious objections. Many refused to even look through the telescope, saying that Satan would use the device to trick otherwise sensible people into disbelieving what the religious taught. Sound familiar? "I don't like this scientific evidence so it must be from Satan trying to lead us astray."
Those are probably the two most noted examples of religious teaching having to give way to science, but there are many others.
Geography The OT assumes that the world is flat. (References to the four corners of the world, and people taken to top of high mountain so could see whole world at once). 6000 years ago that was common sense - after all, if it was a sphere, then the things at the bottom would fall off. We still don't properly understand gravitation, but pretty much everyone accepts that the scientific explanation trumps the religious one.
Geology A literal reading of the OT tells us that the earth is just a few thousand years old, and for a long time everyone accepted that. But when they started digging up England, firstly for coal and iron, then for canals and railways, scientists realized that geology they found contradicted that. The key example was a place called Siccar Point, where the geology simply could not be explained in terms of a single creation and Noah's Flood. (Siccar Point has vertical layers of grey sandstone which has been deposited on a beach, sunk underground and been heated and then swivelled vertically. Then on top of that are layers of red sandstone, also tilted. The only way to account for these and many other strata across Britain, was if there had been multiple cycles of deposition, erosion and uplift.)
For most educated people in the early 1800's, even clergy, the evidence of geology was overwhelming, and the fact that the timespans of Genesis were not literally true was accepted.
Childbirth Humans, particularly females, are very badly designed. By far the worst part of the design is the way children are born - they have to pass through a very narrow aperture in mother's pelvis. For almost all human history, childbirth was extremely dangerous to both mother and child. In 1800 1 in 100 births ended in the death of the mother or child, or both.
Science came to the rescue. The introduction in 1847 of two drugs, ether and chloroform, relieved pain in childbirth, (although it was not until around 1935, when antibiotics and transfusions were introduced, that a sharp reduction in the maternal mortality rate occurred). The anaesthetics were not popular with some. After all, the Bible taught that God said "I will greatly multiply Your pain in childbirth, In pain you will bring forth children" as punishment for Eve's sin."
The critics were all men. They stopped when Queen Victoria opted for the scientific rather the religious approach when she went into childbirth.
It used to be taken for granted that hereditary diseases were a punishment that God inflicted on an ancestor who had committed some grevious sin. Today everyone understands that many problems can be traced to mutations on genes passed down the generations. Haemophilia, cystic fibrosis, Coeliac disease are a few of the common ones. The idea of being cursed by God has been replaced by the scientific explanation.
When the contraceptive pill was introduced in 1960, the religious establishment thought it was the end of the world. The Bible says little about contraception, so most of the opposition was based on interpretations. But that didn't stop the religious leaders (invariably old men) who thought the only purpose of sex was to have children. The Catholic Church still bans contraception in almost all circumstances (although God has apparently changed his mind about couples where one has AIDS - they can use condoms). But in the real world, Catholics widely ignore the ban. They prefer the benefits of science to the scolding of the old men of religion.
So what do we find? When the bible and science clash, it's always the bible which has to give way. If Christians try to treat the Bible as a science textbook, they are inevitably disappointed. The science of the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries trumps the folk wisdom of a 5000 year old book.